When working with stockinette stitch in knitting, one element that often gets overlooked especially by beginners is the selvedge edge. These edge stitches can significantly influence the look, structure, and finishing of your project. In stockinette knitting, the selvedge edge is particularly important because stockinette tends to curl and lacks stability at the sides. A neat selvedge edge can improve the garment’s overall appearance, make seaming easier, and help keep your work flat and balanced. Understanding how to manage and enhance the selvedge edge in stockinette stitch is essential for clean and professional knitting results.
What Is a Selvedge Edge in Knitting?
Definition and Purpose
The selvedge edge refers to the very first and last stitch of a row in knitting. It runs vertically along both sides of your fabric and forms the border or ‘self-edge’ of your piece. In stockinette stitch, which is made by alternating knit rows on the right side and purl rows on the wrong side, the selvedge edge can look rough or uneven if not treated intentionally. This edge plays a role in both aesthetics and functionality.
Why Selvedge Edges Matter
In any knitting project, selvedge edges can affect:
- Seaming: A clean selvedge edge makes it easier to sew two pieces of fabric together neatly.
- Stability: The edge can add strength and keep the fabric from stretching out.
- Appearance: A tidy selvedge gives a more finished, professional look to scarves, shawls, or any exposed edges.
- Blocking: Proper selvedge edges help the fabric lie flat after washing or shaping.
Challenges of Stockinette Stitch Edges
Why Stockinette Curling Happens
One common issue with stockinette stitch is that it naturally curls at the edges. This happens because the knit stitches on the front and the purl stitches on the back do not have equal tension. The front tends to pull in, and the back pushes out, causing the sides to curl toward the front. This curling affects both horizontal and vertical edges, but the vertical (selvedge) edges are often the most noticeable.
Solutions to Improve the Selvedge Edge
To prevent or reduce curling in the selvedge edge when knitting stockinette stitch, knitters often use special techniques or modify the edge stitches. This creates a more stable and appealing border for the knitted piece.
Techniques to Create a Clean Selvedge Edge
Slip Stitch Selvedge
This is one of the most common techniques for improving selvedge edges. To do this:
- Slip the first stitch of every row purlwise with yarn in front.
- Knit or purl the last stitch of every row as usual.
This creates a neat chain-like edge that is uniform and easy to seam. It also reduces the chance of stretching or fraying.
Garter Stitch Edge
Another way to stabilize the selvedge is to add a few garter stitches at each side of the stockinette section. For example:
- Knit the first 2 or 3 stitches and the last 2 or 3 stitches on every row.
- This creates a garter border that counters the curl of the stockinette center.
This method is especially useful in scarves or blankets where the edges are visible and not seamed.
Seed Stitch or Ribbed Borders
Other edge stitch patterns, such as seed stitch or ribbing, can also help define the selvedge and minimize curling. These techniques provide texture and structure, making them great for decorative pieces.
Using Selvedge Edges for Seaming
Benefits During Assembly
When assembling a garment, having consistent selvedge edges makes sewing the pieces together much easier. Whether you’re using mattress stitch or whip stitch, a well-defined edge ensures the seam is straight and less bulky.
Preparing for Seamless Joins
If you’re planning to seam later, avoid slipping the edge stitches, as this can create a loose edge. Instead, knit all the stitches normally and use stitch markers to track where your seams will go. For seamless or top-down patterns, selvedge edges may not be necessary, but knowing how to work them still adds skill to your technique.
Selvedge Edges in Different Projects
Scarves and Shawls
These items usually have exposed sides, so a beautiful selvedge is important. Garter stitch or slip stitch edges are popular here. A messy edge on a scarf can make the entire piece look unfinished, even if the rest of the work is flawless.
Sweaters and Cardigans
For garments, the selvedge edge can affect both fit and structure. Shoulders, side seams, and sleeve caps all rely on strong, even edges to hold their shape over time. A consistent selvedge also makes blocking and assembling much more manageable.
Blankets and Home Decor
In home decor projects, straight and sturdy edges make a big difference in the finished look. Pillows, throws, and table runners all benefit from reinforced selvedges, particularly when using stockinette stitch, which is prone to rolling.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Inconsistent Selvedge Stitches
Changing how you handle edge stitches mid-project can create visible gaps and distortions. Stick with one technique throughout the project for a clean look. Keep track of your edge stitch pattern, especially when distracted or working on long pieces.
Pulling Too Tight or Too Loose
Tension matters. If you pull the edge stitch too tight, it can cause puckering. If it’s too loose, the edge will look floppy. Aim for consistent, even tension throughout.
Ignoring the Curling Problem
Hoping the curl will disappear on its own is not a reliable plan. Without a proper selvedge technique or finishing method, the edge may continue to curl even after blocking. Addressing it early in the knitting process saves frustration later.
Finishing Tips for Selvedge Edges
Blocking Techniques
Wet blocking or steam blocking can help flatten stockinette stitch and tame the edges. Pin the selvedge out straight and allow it to dry in that position. Blocking doesn’t permanently solve curling if there’s no edge reinforcement, but it helps improve the shape.
Adding Borders
After knitting, you can pick up stitches along the selvedge and add a border. This is useful for projects that didn’t originally include an edge treatment. Ribbing, garter stitch, or crochet borders can all provide structure and style.
Steam Pressing
For non-wool yarns, gentle steam pressing can help reduce edge curling. Use a cloth between the iron and the fabric to prevent damage. This method is temporary but effective for display or short-term use.
Mastering the Selvedge Edge
In stockinette stitch knitting, the selvedge edge is more than just a side detail it shapes the success of the entire project. Whether you’re crafting a cozy scarf, a tailored sweater, or a decorative throw, paying attention to the selvedge can elevate your work from basic to polished. With techniques like slip stitch edges, garter stitch borders, and consistent tension, you can gain better control over your knitting and avoid the frustrations of curling and messy seams. As you continue developing your skills, mastering the selvedge edge in stockinette stitch becomes a small but powerful step toward creating beautiful, professional-quality projects.