The role of the Extraordinary Minister of Holy Communion is a vital aspect of Catholic liturgical life, ensuring that the faithful can receive the Eucharist with reverence and devotion. While the ordinary ministers of Holy Communion are bishops, priests, and deacons, extraordinary ministers assist in distributing the Eucharist when the number of communicants exceeds the capacity of the ordinary ministers. Their service requires a deep understanding of the sacredness of the sacrament, proper training, and a spirit of humility and devotion. The ministry is not merely functional; it is a spiritual calling to assist in one of the most central aspects of Catholic worship, the reception of the Body and Blood of Christ.
Definition and Purpose
An Extraordinary Minister of Holy Communion (EMHC) is a layperson or a deacon who has been authorized by the local bishop or pastor to distribute the Eucharist during Mass or to bring Communion to the sick and homebound. The term extraordinary distinguishes this ministry from the ordinary ministerial role reserved for ordained clergy. The primary purpose of EMHCs is to ensure that all participants can receive Communion in an orderly and reverent manner, particularly during large congregations or special liturgical celebrations. Their service allows the faithful to participate fully in the Eucharistic celebration and maintain the reverence due to the sacrament.
Historical Background
The practice of appointing laypeople to assist with the distribution of the Eucharist emerged due to practical necessity, especially as church attendance grew. In earlier centuries, only clergy were permitted to distribute Communion. However, with the expansion of parishes and the increasing number of communicants, the Church recognized the need for trained lay ministers. Vatican II emphasized the importance of the laity in the liturgical life of the Church, encouraging greater participation and responsibility while maintaining the sanctity of the sacraments.
Qualifications and Training
Extraordinary Ministers of Holy Communion are chosen with care to ensure that they approach their ministry with reverence, knowledge, and a deep sense of responsibility. The qualifications typically include
- Faithful CatholicThe minister should be a practicing Catholic in good standing with the Church, regularly attending Mass and receiving the sacraments.
- Knowledge of the EucharistEMHCs must understand the theological significance of the Eucharist as the real presence of Christ and the importance of reverent distribution.
- TrainingMost parishes require formal training sessions, covering topics such as the proper handling of the consecrated hosts, liturgical etiquette, and pastoral sensitivity, especially when ministering to the sick or homebound.
- Spiritual MaturityThe minister should demonstrate humility, devotion, and a commitment to living a Christian life that models the love of Christ to others.
Role During Mass
During Mass, EMHCs assist the ordinary ministers in distributing Communion when needed. They follow specific protocols to maintain the dignity and reverence of the sacrament. Some key responsibilities include
- Receiving the hosts from the priest or deacon with reverence.
- Distributing the Eucharist to the faithful in a prayerful and orderly manner.
- Ensuring that any remaining consecrated hosts are handled appropriately and returned to the tabernacle if necessary.
- Assisting in the distribution of the Precious Blood if required, following all liturgical norms.
Ministry to the Sick and Homebound
Extraordinary Ministers of Holy Communion play a crucial role beyond the church walls by bringing the Eucharist to those unable to attend Mass due to illness, disability, or age. This ministry extends the reach of the sacrament and provides spiritual comfort and support to the faithful. Key aspects of this ministry include
- Visiting hospitals, nursing homes, or private residences with the guidance and approval of the parish priest.
- Praying with and for the sick, offering spiritual encouragement in addition to the reception of Communion.
- Maintaining confidentiality and respect for the dignity of those served.
- Adhering strictly to liturgical norms and hygiene practices, particularly when distributing the Eucharist in home or hospital settings.
Spiritual Significance
The role of an EMHC is not merely logistical; it carries profound spiritual significance. Ministers serve as instruments of Christ’s presence, enabling others to encounter Him in the Eucharist. This ministry encourages personal holiness, as EMHCs must approach the sacrament with a heart full of devotion and an understanding of the sacred responsibility entrusted to them. Their actions reflect the Church’s mission to bring Christ to the faithful and reinforce the communal aspect of worship.
Guidelines and Canonical Considerations
The Code of Canon Law and the General Instruction of the Roman Missal provide clear guidelines for the ministry of extraordinary ministers. Canon 910 states that extraordinary ministers may be deputed only when there is a need, ensuring that the ordinary ministers (priests and deacons) remain the primary distributors of Communion. Additionally, EMHCs are to observe the liturgical norms prescribed by the Church to maintain the sanctity and reverence of the Eucharist.
Best Practices
- Always approach the ministry with prayer and preparation, reflecting on the significance of the Eucharist.
- Maintain a respectful demeanor, both in the sanctuary and among the faithful.
- Handle the consecrated hosts and Precious Blood with utmost care, ensuring no profanation or misuse.
- Be attentive to the needs of communicants, especially the elderly, children, and those with disabilities.
- Continue personal spiritual growth through prayer, reflection, and active participation in parish life.
The Extraordinary Minister of Holy Communion is a unique and sacred ministry within the Catholic Church, serving both in the church and beyond to facilitate the reception of the Eucharist. While it emerged from practical necessity, it has deep spiritual significance, representing a tangible way in which the laity participates in the life of the Church. EMHCs must approach their role with reverence, knowledge, and spiritual maturity, recognizing the responsibility of distributing the Body and Blood of Christ. Through proper training, prayerful preparation, and a spirit of humility, extraordinary ministers support the Church’s mission to bring the faithful into a closer encounter with Christ, ensuring that the Eucharist is received with devotion, reverence, and faith.
By serving as extraordinary ministers, laypeople have the opportunity to witness and participate in the sacredness of the Mass in a profound way. This ministry not only aids in the practical distribution of the Eucharist but also reinforces the communal and spiritual dimensions of worship. Whether assisting during Mass or visiting the sick, extraordinary ministers reflect the Church’s commitment to making the presence of Christ accessible to all, deepening the spiritual life of both the ministers and those they serve.