Traveling from Ranchi to Patna is a common journey undertaken by travelers, business professionals, students, and tourists who frequently move between the two important cities of eastern India. Ranchi, the capital of Jharkhand, and Patna, the capital of Bihar, are well-connected by multiple modes of transportation. Understanding the distance between Ranchi and Patna and the best ways to cover it can make your journey smoother and more convenient, whether you are planning ahead or preparing for a last-minute trip.
Geographical Distance Between Ranchi and Patna
By Road
The distance from Ranchi to Patna by road is approximately 325 kilometers. This can vary slightly depending on the specific route taken. The most commonly traveled route is via NH20 and NH22, passing through cities and towns like Hazaribagh, Barhi, and Nawada. This highway journey is favored by many due to the decent road conditions and scenic rural landscapes of Jharkhand and Bihar.
By Rail
In terms of train travel, the distance between Ranchi Junction and Patna Junction is roughly 370 kilometers. The difference compared to the road distance is due to the rail network’s routing. Trains may take longer routes to pass through railway hubs and junctions, adding a few extra kilometers to the journey.
By Air
The aerial distance between Ranchi and Patna is the shortest at around 250 kilometers. Flights cover the distance in a much shorter time but may not always be available frequently throughout the day. The flight route offers a quick alternative for those looking to save time, especially during business travel or emergencies.
Popular Modes of Transport from Ranchi to Patna
Traveling by Car or Taxi
Driving from Ranchi to Patna is a flexible option, giving you the opportunity to travel at your own pace and stop at interesting places along the way. The route generally takes around 7 to 8 hours depending on traffic, road conditions, and weather. Car rental services and private taxis are easily available in Ranchi and can be booked online or through local operators.
- Estimated Distance: 325 km
- Travel Time: 7-8 hours
- Ideal For: Families, business travelers, small groups
Bus Services from Ranchi to Patna
Several private and government-operated buses connect Ranchi and Patna. Bus services include standard, semi-sleeper, and sleeper coaches, both AC and non-AC. The journey by bus usually takes between 9 to 11 hours, depending on the number of stops and the route taken.
- Jharkhand State Road Transport Corporation (JSRTC)
- Private operators like Shatabdi Travels, Pradhan Bus, and others
- Departure points: Ranchi Bus Stand, Khadgarha
- Drop points: Patna Bus Stand, Gandhi Maidan
Train Options Between Ranchi and Patna
Trains are a popular and cost-effective way to travel between Ranchi and Patna. Indian Railways operates several daily and weekly trains on this route. Some of the notable trains include:
- Ranchi-Patna Jan Shatabdi Express
- Ranchi-Patna AC Express
- South Bihar Express
- Jharkhand Sampark Kranti Express
The train journey generally takes between 8 to 11 hours, depending on the specific train, number of halts, and route. Advance booking is recommended during festive seasons and weekends due to high demand.
Flights from Ranchi to Patna
Although not as frequent as other modes, flights do operate between Ranchi’s Birsa Munda Airport (IXR) and Patna’s Jay Prakash Narayan Airport (PAT). The flight time is about 1 hour, making it the fastest way to travel between the two cities.
Several airlines, including IndiGo and Alliance Air, provide direct or connecting flights. However, availability may vary depending on the time of year and airline schedules. Ticket prices can range from affordable to premium depending on how early you book and current demand.
Best Route for Road Travel
NH20 and NH22
The preferred road route for traveling from Ranchi to Patna is:
- Ranchi → Ramgarh → Hazaribagh → Barhi → Nawada → Bihar Sharif → Patna
This route offers a mix of national highways and well-maintained roads. Most of the journey is smooth, with fuel stations, restaurants, and rest areas available at regular intervals.
Tips for Road Travelers
- Start early in the morning to avoid city traffic in both Ranchi and Patna.
- Check weather updates, especially during monsoon season, as rain can slow down travel.
- Carry cash for toll booths and small towns where digital payments may not be accepted.
Comparative Overview
| Mode of Travel | Distance | Travel Time | Approximate Cost |
|---|---|---|---|
| Car/Taxi | 325 km | 7-8 hours | ₹3500-₹6000 |
| Bus | 325 km | 9-11 hours | ₹500-₹1200 |
| Train | 370 km | 8-11 hours | ₹300-₹1500 |
| Flight | 250 km (aerial) | 1 hour (plus airport time) | ₹2500-₹6000 |
When to Travel
Weather Considerations
The best time to travel between Ranchi and Patna is during the cooler months, from October to March. Summer months (April to June) can be very hot, especially in Bihar. The monsoon season (July to September) may cause road delays due to waterlogging or heavy rain.
Festival Travel
During festivals like Chhath Puja, Diwali, and Holi, traffic tends to increase on both roads and railway lines. Plan ahead and book tickets early to avoid last-minute inconvenience.
Points of Interest on the Way
Hazaribagh
Known for Hazaribagh National Park, this city is a good stopover for nature lovers and wildlife enthusiasts.
Bihar Sharif
A historic town with religious and cultural sites including tombs, mosques, and temples.
Rajgir (detour)
If you have time, consider a short detour to Rajgir, a place of historical and spiritual importance associated with Lord Buddha and ancient kingdoms.
Covering the Ranchi to Patna distance is a common journey that can be done comfortably via road, train, bus, or flight, depending on your preferences and urgency. With an approximate distance of 325 kilometers by road and a travel time ranging from 1 to 10 hours depending on your chosen method, it’s important to consider factors like weather, cost, and convenience before making travel plans. Whether you’re heading home, visiting family, or exploring the rich culture of Bihar and Jharkhand, knowing your travel options helps ensure a smooth and pleasant journey.